Shiur summary (draft from the recording)
Tashlumin of the first night; Agrippas's butler
שאל אפוטרופוס של אגריפס
Sukkah 27a · Monday, January 19, 2026
The sugya
The shiur reviewed the end of yesterday's Gemara. R' Eliezer requires 14 seudos in the sukkah, so how can he allow making up the first night on Shemini Atzeres? The answer is that R' Eliezer retracted, and the makeup is with minei targima. The new Gemara (line 33) brings two questions that the apitropos (butler) of Agrippas haMelech asked R' Eliezer. First, may one who eats only one meal a day suffice with one seudah? Second, may one with two wives and two sukkos, in Teveryah and Tzippori, go from sukkah to sukkah? The Rebbi read through both answers twice and previewed tomorrow's source for R' Eliezer's shitta.
Step by step (shakla v’tarya)
- ChazarahReview: R' Eliezer said 14 seudos in the sukkah, one by day and one by night. So how can he say you can be mashlim on Shemini Atzeres, when there is no sukkah?
- TeirutzBira in the name of R' Ami: chazar bo R' Eliezer, he retracted.
- The simple understanding, from a shiur the Rebbi heard: R' Eliezer retracted and only needs one seudah, and that is why it can be made up on Shemini Atzeres.
- KashaMashlim with what? If with bread (washing), on Shemini Atzeres you are washing anyway because it is Yom Tov. That is the seudah of the day itself.
- TeirutzRather, yashlim b'minei targima: you can make it up even with an extra dessert, an extra item.
- RashiDiscussion whether this is within the same meal. Rashi says they bring parparos and lists various items (list unclear in recording).
- The point is that it is something extra, beyond the regular seudah.
- The RebbiThe Gemara has no hava amina that you must actually wash again. If you did as we do with shalosh seudos (walk away and start again), that would certainly be good. Here you did not walk away but did something different in the seudah.
- Ra'ayahThe next line, the beraisa: im hishlim b'minei targima yatza. 'Yatza' means you are okay; walking away would be even better.
- RashiRashi says it is after the meal. Perhaps there is a diyuk that you clear the table and then bring the dessert, unlike usual when things are left on the table.
- Must you say it is for the makeup? Maybe not; you do not see it from the Gemara.
- GemaraNew Gemara, line 33: Sha'al apitropos shel Agrippas haMelech es R' Eliezer. The butler of King Agrippas asked R' Eliezer.
- GemaraKegon ani she'eini ragil le'echol ela seudah achas bayom. As a butler busy serving the king, he eats only one meal a day. Note she'eini with the extra yud.
- GemaraMahu she'ochal seudah achas v'epater: what is the din if I eat one seudah, would I be patur?
- ShitahRashi does not say it, but one of the meforshim says this was before R' Eliezer retracted, per his original opinion of 14.
- The RebbiThe Gemara probably brings this because R' Eliezer's answer had a lot of character in it.
- GemaraAnswer: bechol yom vayom atah mamshich kamah parparaos lichvod atzmecha. Every day you drag (mamshich, literally drag) into your mouth many appetite stimulants for your own honor.
- GemaraV'achshav i atah mamshich parperes achas lichvod konecha: and now you will not eat even one, for the honor of your Creator.
- The RebbiIt is written as a question but it is an answer, a rhetorical question. Every day you find a way to stuff your face, and now you cannot?
- GemaraV'od sha'alo: he asked him another question.
- ShitahBackground: R' Eliezer has a very extreme shitta. You must sit in the same sukkah the whole Yom Tov. If you go from one sukkah to another you lose the mitzvah. To be seen tomorrow from shivas yamin.
- GemaraKegon ani sheyesh li shtei nashim, achas b'Teveryah v'achas b'Tzippori, and two sukkos, one in each. Each family puts up its own sukkah, and he is the husband of both.
- GemaraMahu she'etzei misukkah l'sukkah v'epater: can I switch off, half Yom Tov in Teveryah and half in Tzippori, and fulfill the mitzvah?
- GemaraAmar lo: lo (with an alef). No, you cannot. He picked the wrong rabbi.
- GemaraShe'ani omer kol hayotzei misukkah l'sukkah: anyone who goes from one sukkah to the next, like the sukkah hopping we do today.
- GemaraBitel mitzvaso shel rishonah: he nullifies the mitzvah of the first. Even if he sat six days in one sukkah and then went to another, he retroactively has no mitzvah.
- ChazarahThe whole Gemara was read through a second time.
- The RebbiLichvod atzmecha: kavod is honor, but here probably also pleasure, for your own gastronomic pleasure.
- Konecha: koneh means Creator.
- The RebbiToday there was a she'eini (I do not, line 35) and a she'ani (I say), in R' Eliezer's answer.
- Preview: tomorrow we will see R' Eliezer's shitta is based on a pasuk, chag hasukkos ta'aseh l'cha shivas yamim. Does it mean you must stay in the same sukkah, or only that you sit in a sukkah for seven days and can otherwise move around?
Kashas
- How can R' Eliezer, who requires 14 seudos in the sukkah, say the first night can be made up on Shemini Atzeres, when there is no sukkah?
- Mashlim with what? Bread on Shemini Atzeres is the Yom Tov's own seudah anyway.
- The butler: if I normally eat one meal a day, may I eat one seudah in the sukkah and be patur?
- The butler: with two wives and two sukkos, may I go from sukkah to sukkah?
Teirutzim
- Bira in the name of R' Ami: R' Eliezer retracted.
- Yashlim b'minei targima: an extra dessert or extra item suffices.
- Every day you eat many parparaos for your own honor, and now you will not eat one for the honor of your Creator?
- No. Kol hayotzei misukkah l'sukkah bitel mitzvaso shel rishonah.
Rashi & Tosafos
- Rashi: On minei targima: they bring parparos and other items (list unclear in recording).
- Rashi: It is after the meal. The Rebbi suggests a possible diyuk that the table is cleared and then the dessert brought.
- other rishon: One of the meforshim (not Rashi) says the butler's question was before R' Eliezer retracted, per his original shitta of 14.
Mareh mekomos
- Beraisa: im hishlim b'minei targima yatza. The word yatza shows it works.
- Pasuk: chag hasukkos ta'aseh l'cha shivas yamim. The source for R' Eliezer's shitta, to be learned tomorrow.
The Rebbi’s chiddushim
- Doing it like shalosh seudos (walking away and starting again) would certainly work. But the Gemara has no hava amina that you must wash again; doing something different within the seudah suffices.
- Possible diyuk in Rashi: clear the table and then bring the dessert, so it stands out as extra.
- You do not see from the Gemara that you must say it is for the makeup.
- The Gemara brings the butler story because the answer had a lot of character.
- R' Eliezer's reply is phrased as a question but is a rhetorical answer: you always find a way to eat for yourself.
- Bitel mitzvaso shel rishonah is retroactive: even six days in the first sukkah are lost.
- Lichvod atzmecha here likely means pleasure as well as honor.
- Contrast between she'eini (line 35) and she'ani omer in the answer.
Unclear in recording
- Name of the speaker whose shiur the Rebbi heard is unclear in recording.
- The exact list of items in Rashi is unclear in recording.
- The discussion on whether the extra item must be something not normally served is unclear in recording.
- Discussion whether Agrippas was Jewish is unclear in recording.
- Discussion whether R' Eliezer would object to a second (balcony or porch) sukkah for sleeping is unclear in recording.
- Discussion about traveling to one's Rebbe on Sukkos per R' Eliezer is unclear in recording and was not resolved.
- Whether the second question was asked by the same butler: the Rebbi thinks so but was unsure.
- Reference to a pasuk and an individual vs collective interpretation from last week is unclear in recording.
Drafted from the recording of the shiur, for chazarah. Torah terms follow the Rebbi’s own words; anything that could not be made out is marked “unclear in recording”. Tap a time to hear that point. Corrections welcome.